Research Progress and Future Perspectives on Minimally Invasive Fracture Reduction Techniques

With the increase of road traffic injuries, sports injuries and population aging, the global incidence of fractures has been steadily rising. At present, with the development of instruments and techniques such as intramedullary nails, channel screws, and minimally invasive plate oseoynthesis (MIPO), the minimally invasive fixation of fractures has been effectively solved. However, how to perform fracture reduction under minimally invasive conditions remains full of challenges. Traditional minimally invasive reduction of fractures requires surgeons to operate under fluoroscopy with a C-arm machine. However, the C-arm machine can only provide two-dimensional deformity parameters, so it is difficult to achieve satisfactory reduction results. In recent years, with the cross-integration of disciplines such as medicine, engineering, computer science, and informatics, some progress has been made in the field of minimally invasive fracture reduction. In this article, we will review the reduction techniques based on external fixation, 3D printing technology, surgical navigation systems, and surgical robots.