Analysis of Brain-Computer Interface Technology in the Medical Field and the Regulation of the U.S. FDA

Brain-Computer Interface technology is an innovative and cutting-edge medical advancement that enables direct interaction between the brain and external devices, facilitating the reconstruction of daily functions for patients or serving as a method for neuroregulation therapy. Although this technology offers a broad range of clinical applications, there are potential risks, individual variances, and the need for long-term monitoring of its effects during utilization. Consequently, the comprehensive evaluation of its safety and effectiveness poses a considerable challenge for regulatory agencies. This study provides a concise introduction to the development history and various types of BCI technology, followed by a summary of the regulatory situation for different types of BCI medical devices in the United States. Furthermore, the regulatory requirements imposed by the United States FDA on this product category are analyzed. The article concludes by presenting a summary and future perspective on the current development of BCI technology, with the aim of offering beneficial insights and guidance for the regulation of BCI medical devices.