Abstract: Injectable fillers for plastic surgery are widely used in the field of aesthetic plastic surgery, and their safety and effectiveness are of vital importance. To ensure the safety and effectiveness of the products, it is indispensable to conduct scientific, rigorous, comprehensive and standardized preclinical physicochemical evaluations. According to the raw materials, injectable fillers for plastic surgery can be classified into sodium hyaluronate type, collagen type and polyester type, etc. The evaluation items and indicators for different materials vary. Preclinical physicochemical evaluation not only includes general physicochemical project evaluation, such as the content of active ingredients, pH value, osmotic pressure, total heavy metal content, trace elements, etc., but also needs to carry out corresponding evaluation items according to the particularity of different materials, such as the crosslinking degree of sodium hyaluronate gel, the collagen content of collagen products and the copolymerization rate of polyester products. This article not only briefly introduces the test methods of some general evaluation items, but also provides detailed introductions to some evaluation items that have no mature methods or have room for improvement in existing methods, aiming to provide references for the research and development and quality control of injectable fillers for plastic surgery, and help improve the safety and effectiveness of injectable fillers for plastic surgery.