具有抗菌功能的泌尿系统人工管道的研究进展

Research Progress on Artifcial Conduits for Urological Application with Antibacterial Function

摘要: 泌尿系统人工管道是泌尿外科常用的引流工具,主要包括输尿管支架管和导尿管。由于人工管道的植入时间较长,且尿液中细菌种类繁多,易形成生物膜并引发尿路感染。该文根据导尿管相关尿路感染的发生机理,从病原学角度阐述了尿液环境的特点和生物膜的形成条件。并从抗菌剂和抗菌整理方法两方面,介绍了适用于输尿管支架管和导尿管的抗菌策略,且综述了其优缺点。

Abstract: Artificial conduits, including ureteral stents and catheters, are used widely as drainage tools in the urinary system. However, various bacteria in the urine and long duration of insertion can arouse the biofilm formation on the pipeline surface, which calls for effective antibacterial strategy. In this article, the mechanism of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTI) is explained from the perspective of etiology. Then, the biofilm formation conditions and the features of urine are analyzed, the antibacterial agents and approaches suitable for ureteral stents and catheters are introduced and their pros and cons are discussed respectively.