Abstract: Density resolution stands as a critical performance metric in medical image quality assessment, directly determining an imaging system's capability to discern subtle density differences between tissues. It fundamentally reflects the capacity of imaging equipment to differentiate adjacent anatomical structures with similar signal characteristics. Enhancing density resolution significantly improves sensitivity in detecting early pathological changes, thereby providing more reliable imaging evidence for clinical decision-making. With the growing demands of precision medicine and early disease screening, improving density resolution while maintaining imaging efficacy and safety has emerged as a pressing challenge in medical imaging technology development. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis from multiple perspectives: the principles and threshold analysis of density resolution, influencing factors and performance enhancement strategies, along with technical safeguards and future challenges. The research systematically elaborates on technical optimization pathways for precision improvement in this field.