基于断面配准的骨折自动复位技术

      Automatic Bone Fracture Reduction Technique with Sectional Registration

      • 摘要: 骨折复位是骨折治疗程序中的关键步骤,对于恢复骨骼的结构完整性及功能发挥着决定性作用。现有的骨折复位技术主要依赖于半自动交互方法或健康侧骨骼模板进行配准,这些方法在临床实践中存在诸多局限性。为提高治疗的效率和准确性,提出全自动骨折复位方法。该方法利用骨折截面的相似度进行配准,解放医师的劳动力的同时摆脱了对健康侧模板的依赖。首先,基于骨折块表面变化量和粗糙度分布热值图提取闭合边缘;其次,以检测到的边缘为约束进行区域增长得到骨折断面并对其进行相似性匹配;最后,在配准阶段,由于迭代最近点(iterative closest point, ICP)算法对距离高度敏感,为降低噪声的影响,提出将点云几何特征融合到目标函数中并对断面逐一配准。在180例模拟数据和16例公开临床数据上对所提出算法进行详尽的测试与比较分析,结果表明,所提算法在复位精度上得到了显著提升,在临床骨折病例上该算法把复位误差控制在了1.7 mm的范围内。

         

        Abstract: As a fundamental aspect of bone fracture treatment, fracture reduction plays a crucial role in restoring the structural integrity and function of bone. At present, fracture reduction techniques mostly rely on semi-automatic interaction methods or healthy side bone templates, which have many limitations in clinical practice. In order to enhance the efficiency and treatment accuracy, an automatic fracture reduction method is proposed. This method utilizes the similarity of fracture cross-sections for registration, thereby reducing the workload of physicians and eliminating the need for the healthy side template. The method utilizes multi-scale techniques to extract potential edge points, maps them onto a surface roughness heat value map, achieves precise extraction of closed edges, and obtains fracture cross-sections based on this approach. During the registration phase, the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm is highly sensitive to distance. Therefore, the geometric features of point clouds are incorporated into the objective function of the registration algorithm to mitigate the influence of noise. Finally, the algorithm was tested and compared on 180 simulated datasets and 16 publicly available datasets. The results show that the proposed algorithm significantly enhances the registration accuracy, and the registration error of clinical bone fracture cases is controlled within 1.7 mm.

         

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